Volume 29, Issue 1 (Spring 2025)
jwss 2025, 29(1): 165-182 |
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Mohammadi Arian T, Rahimi G, Khavari Farid R. Production of Cyanobacterial Microscale Adsorbent by Hydrothermal Method for Pre-concentration of Cadmium from Water. jwss 2025; 29 (1) :165-182
URL: http://jstnar.iut.ac.ir/article-1-4400-en.html
URL: http://jstnar.iut.ac.ir/article-1-4400-en.html
Department of Soil Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. , g.rahimi@basu.ac.ir
Abstract: (366 Views)
Heavy metal pollution is considered a serious risk to the environment and human health due to its toxicity and indestructibility. Measuring and monitoring little concentration (even lower than the detection limit of the device) in the case of dangerous and biostable pollutants such as cadmium in natural water samples is a necessity. Solid-phase extraction using carbon adsorbents is the most efficient and common method of pre-concentration of heavy metals from environmental samples. The carbon adsorbent used in solid phase extraction must have favorable physical and chemical characteristics, along with low cost and biocompatibility. In this research, Aphanocapsa cyanobacterial cells were used as a cheap precursor to make a microscale absorbent using the hydrothermal method. The qualitative and absorption characteristics of this adsorbent were evaluated using instrumental analysis tests and chemical tests based on cadmium. The absorbent is made in the form of relatively spherical particles (with a size of less than 10 micrometers) with a rough surface and a specific surface area of 382.02 square meters per gram. The efficiency of cadmium absorption of absorbent was in a wide range of pH (3 to 8) and more than 90% due to the buffering effect. The absorbent surface was rich in oxygen and nitrogen functional groups, such as hydroxyl, isothiocyanate, and carbonyl. The cadmium absorption isotherm was the best fit with the Freundlich nonlinear model, and the cadmium absorption rate was the best fit with the pseudo-second-order nonlinear model. The calculation variables related to the Freundlich model, including the inverse of the absorption intensity, showed that the adsorbent has a great tendency to absorb low concentrations of cadmium. Cadmium had the most and least competition for absorption on the adsorbent with alkali metal cations and heavy metal cations, respectively. The resistance of the adsorbent against the increase of ionic strength and the concentration of competing cations was equal to 4 and 20 mg/liter, respectively. The washing efficiency of the adsorbent loaded in the adsorbent-to-solution ratio (1:1000), at a normal concentration of 0.3 and a volume of 160 microliters of detergent (nitric acid), reached its maximum value. According to the findings of this research, the carbon adsorbent originating from the cyanobacterium Aphanocapsa can be an efficient adsorbent to use in the solid phase extraction of cadmium to reduce environmental pollution due to its unique properties.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Ggeneral
Received: 2023/12/4 | Accepted: 2025/02/17 | Published: 2025/04/30
Received: 2023/12/4 | Accepted: 2025/02/17 | Published: 2025/04/30
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